Examining Employee Engagement and its Antecedents: The Mediating Role of Employee Psychological Well-Being: Healthcare Industry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70670/sra.v4i2.2087Keywords:
Personal Traits, Employee Engagement, Psychological Well-Being, Performance Management, Nature of Organization.Abstract
Employee engagement is essential for organizational performance, sustainability, and employee retention. Previous studies have examined various antecedents of employee engagement; however, limited research has integrated individual, psychological, and organizational factors within a single framework. Given its importance, this study develops a conceptual model to examine the impact of personal traits, employee psychological well-being, and performance management on employee engagement, along with the mediating role of employee psychological well-being and the moderating role of the nature of the organization. The study focuses on organizations in Karachi, Pakistan, where employee engagement plays a critical role in improving productivity and organizational outcomes. Data were collected from 330 respondents using a structured questionnaire, and Smart PLS was applied for data analysis following a two-step approach. The findings support all proposed hypotheses and reveal that personal traits, psychological well-being, and performance management positively influence employee engagement. The results further indicate that personal traits significantly enhance psychological well-being, which in turn mediates the relationship between personal traits and employee engagement. Additionally, the nature of the organization moderates the relationship between personal traits and employee engagement. The study extends the generalizability of Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1977) and Job Demands–Resources theory by demonstrating that employee engagement is influenced by the interaction of personal, psychological, and organizational factors. The study recommends that organizations should focus on fostering positive personal traits, enhancing employee psychological well-being, implementing effective performance management systems, and developing supportive organizational environments to improve employee engagement and overall organizational effectiveness.
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