The Impact of Structural Inequality on Job Autonomy and Employee Self-Efficacy: The Mediating Role of Social Exclusion

Abstract

This paper will discuss how structural inequality may influence job autonomy and employee self-efficacy with social exclusion as a mediating factor in Sindh, Pakistan. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was used to collect data on 384 respondents who were sampled using purposive sampling technique, which included employees in the organizations of the public and the private sector and those that had work experience. S.E.M. (Structural Equation Modeling) was used to examine the relationship between variables in the study. The results indicate that structural inequality diminishes job autonomy and employee self-efficacy greatly and enhances social exclusion. In addition, social exclusion plays a significant mediating role between structural inequality and the two outcome variables, which shows its key role in psychology in explaining inequality in the workplace. The paper emphasizes the impact of systemic inequalities on less workplace control and belief using exclusionary experiences. It adds to the Social Cognitive Theory and the Job Demands Resources model through the combination of the structural and psychological point of view.