Exploring the Effect of Teachers' Feedback Strategies on Students’ English Learning

Abstract

In the teaching learning process, feedback plays a very important role in learners' academic life. Teachers use various strategies for imparting feedback to make their teaching effective and productive. Feedback in the present scenario is closely examined by researchers worldwide. The present study examined the effects of secondary school teachers' feedback strategies on English learning at the secondary level. This research was designed to investigate the effect of teachers' feedback strategies on English learning in Punjab (Pakistan) schools. The purpose of this research was to identify teachers' feedback strategies and their effects on students' English learning at the secondary school level in the Punjab province. The present study was descriptive in nature and conducted in a natural setting; therefore, it was a non-experimental qualitative study. A survey technique was used to collect data. The accessible population for the present study was the students of all secondary schools in the Punjab province of Pakistan who were admitted in the year 2024-25. The sample was selected conveniently by using a multi-stage sampling technique. Rubrics were developed after reviewing relevant literature. A focused group discussion of English teachers was arranged to identify teachers' feedback strategies used in schools. Thus, eight commonly used strategies were identified from the previously selected eight feedback strategies. Then, through a questionnaire mostly used strategies were identified and analyzed. The strategies, having, mean score greater than 3.00 were included in rubrics. The researcher collected data personally by using rubrics and took two observations of students’ English notebooks to explore the effect of feedback strategies. 240 research instruments were delivered and 236 responses were received. Response rate was almost 98%. Eleven research questions were formulated to find the facts which were calculated through T-Test. Independent sample t test, regression analysis and Pearson ‘r’ were used for final analysis through SPSS-21.