The Meaning Between the Lines: A Semantic-Pragmatic Study of Legal Ambiguity in the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Bill, 2021

Abstract

This study explores the intersection of language, law, and societal norms through a semantic-pragmatic analysis of Pakistan's Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Bill, 2021. Using Relevance Theory as the analytical framework, the research investigates how the language of the Bill communicates various forms of domestic violence—physical, psychological, economic, and sexual—and how legal ambiguity may affect interpretation and implementation. The study emphasizes the challenges of encoding legal intent in a linguistically and culturally complex context. It critically examines how semantic vagueness and pragmatic implications can obscure the protective aims of the Bill, especially concerning psychological and economic abuse. By employing qualitative content analysis, this research highlights the disconnect between legislative language and social realities, underscoring the need for precision and inclusivity in legal drafting. The findings suggest greater attention to linguistic clarity, contextual relevance, and socio-cultural sensitivity in future legislation.