A Review of the Neurobiological and Socio-Economic Impacts of Substance Use Among Young Adults in Punjab

Abstract

The use of substance among youth in Punjab has reached alarming levels contributing to deep neurobiological and socio-economic consequences. The purpose of this review is to synthesize current research on how substance abuse impacts neurotransmitter systems with a focus on dopamine, serotonin, GABA and glutamate and examines the resultant socio-economic impacts like unemployment, poverty and social stigma as well. The article also evaluates present intervention strategies and policy measures while highlighting gaps in the literature and proposing future research directions. This review paper also aims to provide a holistic understanding of the neuropsychological and socio-economic ramifications of substance use among Punjabi youth.