The Role of Human Resource Management in Organizational Success
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70670/sra.v4i1.2561Keywords:
Human Resource Management, Organizational Performance, Strategic HRM, Employee Engagement, Organizational SuccessAbstract
Human Resource Management (HRM) has evolved from an administrative support function into a central driver of organizational competitiveness and long-term success. This paper examines the role of HRM in shaping organizational outcomes such as productivity, innovation, employee retention, and financial performance. Using a systematic literature-based research design, the study synthesizes findings from academic journals, books, and industry reports published over the past three decades to identify the mechanisms through which HRM practices influence organizational effectiveness. The review covers key HRM functions including recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, compensation, and employee engagement, and situates these practices within established theoretical frameworks such as the Resource-Based View, the Ability-Motivation-Opportunity model, and contingency theory. The findings indicate that strategically aligned, internally consistent HRM systems are associated with superior organizational performance, and that the strength of this relationship is moderated by organizational culture, leadership commitment, and the extent to which HR is integrated into strategic decision-making. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for organizations seeking to strengthen the strategic role of HRM and outlines directions for future empirical research.
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