ارض مقدس اور صہیونی نظریات: ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Abstract

The Holy Land, comprising Jerusalem and Palestine, is regarded as sacred by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. This article presents an analytical study of Zionist ideologies and their relationship with the concept of the Holy Land. Emerging in late 19th-century Europe, Zionism transformed a religious aspiration into a political movement aimed at establishing a Jewish national state in Palestine. This paper examines the historical evolution of Zionism from religious messianism to political Zionism led by Theodor Herzl. It critically analyzes the core tenets of Zionist ideology: religious justification derived from biblical covenants, national justification as a response to antisemitism in Europe, and historical claims based on ancient ties to the land. The study also explores key narratives such as the "empty land" thesis and the doctrine of settlement, which played a central role in the colonization process. By reviewing religious texts, historical records, and United Nations resolutions including UNGA 181 and UNSC 242, the article assesses the socio-political consequences of Zionist ideology. It argues that the merging of religious sanctity with nationalist politics has been a primary factor in the protracted Arab-Israeli conflict and has posed significant challenges to international law and peace initiatives. The study concludes that the sacralization of territory for political purposes has intensified the dispute over the Holy Land. A just and lasting resolution necessitates acknowledging the legitimate religious and historical rights of all communities and adherence to international legal frameworks.