Pakistan’s Role in the Environmental Diplomacy: An Appraisal

Abstract

Climate change presents a profound challenge to national security, economic stability, and international diplomacy, particularly for countries like Pakistan that contribute minimally to global emissions yet remain highly vulnerable to climate impacts. This study explores the intersection of environmental security for and policy, and climate diplomacy in the context of Pakistan. It assesses the implications of climate change on key sectors such as agriculture, water security, and regional co-operation, with a special focus on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), the Indus Water Treaty and South Asian geo politics. The analysis underscores the need for stronger environmental governance inclusive transboundary water management and shift towards cities and diplomacy to address rising environmental challenges. The research highlights Pakistan's efforts within international environment and framework such as Paris Agreement and SDG 13, while examining persistent institutional limitations, resource constraints and policy implementation gaps. The study argues that integrating environmental considerations into foreign policy and adopting justice based, cooperative and sustainable approach to climate diplomacy is vital for Pakistan's long time resilience and regional stability.