Essential Oil Extraction and Characterization of Seeds of Chrozophora Tinctoria

Abstract

Essential oil is complex mixture of volatile organic compounds that are derived from terpenoids and alkaloids through biosynthetic pathways, including the phenylpropene, methylerythritol, and mevalonate pathways. This oil is valuable in pharmaceuticals and can act as herbicides, pesticides, antimicrobials, or anticancer agents. The study aimed to extract oil from the seeds of Chrozophora tinctoria using the Clevenger apparatus and to characterize the extracted oil through UV and FTIR spectroscopy. This analysis focused on determining the chemical composition and physical properties of the oil, identifying functional groups, and detecting potential bioactive compounds.   In Sample 1, the study identified eight peaks corresponding to specific functional groups, such as aldehydes, ketones, amines, esters, ethers, and aromatic structures. These functional groups were determined based on characteristic vibrations, including C-H bending, C-N stretching, and C-O stretching, which provides insight into the sample's chemical composition. On the other hand, sample 2,  exhibited 14 peaks, suggesting a more complex mixture with functional groups like bromoalkenes, ethers, esters, and aromatic rings. The spectral analysis of this sample revealed vibrations such as C-Cl and C-Br stretching, along with C-O and O-H stretching, indicating the presence of various organic compounds. This characterization provides valuable insights into the oil's chemical properties, supporting its potential for further research, industrial applications, and the development of valuable products from Chrozophora tinctoria.