The Effectiveness of Entrepreneurship Ecosystem and EE Toward Enriching IG in Pakistan: The Moderating Role of EI

Authors

  • Ayesha Shahbaz University of the Punjab, Department of Baking & Finance, Gujranwala Campus. ayeshashahbaz889@gmail.com
  • Hafiz Ahmad Ashraf University of Central Punjab, Gujranwala, Pakistan. (Corresponding Author) ucpahmad@gmail.com
  • Amna Ijaz University of the Punjab, Department of Baking & Finance, Gujranwala Campus. Ijazmian756@gmail.com
  • Sibgha Butt University of the Punjab, Department of Baking & Finance, Gujranwala Campus. sibghabuttbutt@gmail.com
  • Zoya Abbas University of the Punjab, Department of Baking & Finance, Gujranwala Campus.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70670/sra.v4i1.1512

Abstract

This paper looks into the contribution of the (DEE) towards assisting people in low-income households in Pakistan to generate income. In particular, it explores whether the involvement in a DE ecosystem can contribute to the increase in income and the promotion of entrepreneurship among the university students. The survey which was made up of 500 students of five Pakistani state universities was conducted online and analysed with the help of the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that DE has a positive impact on income-generating among B40 students in the university level. Besides, the findings show that EI moderates such that it reinforces the correlation between (DEE) and IG. In general, the research illustrates that DE with the help of technological involvement gives B40 students in Pakistan a feasible chance to earn revenues and engage in viable entrepreneurial activities. The results are valuable as they can be used by (HEI) and policymakers in order to encourage inclusive economic growth by means of (DE).

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Published

12-01-2026

How to Cite

Ayesha Shahbaz, Hafiz Ahmad Ashraf, Amna Ijaz, Sibgha Butt, & Zoya Abbas. (2026). The Effectiveness of Entrepreneurship Ecosystem and EE Toward Enriching IG in Pakistan: The Moderating Role of EI. Social Science Review Archives, 4(1), 100–121. https://doi.org/10.70670/sra.v4i1.1512